The dynasty founded by x\bu Bakr niled with a firmer hand and at-
tained considerable power and fame. The new organization establishing
law and order, consolidated the forces of the state and increased its
influence on the outside world. Islam added a new element of strength and another stimulus to campaign and conquest. The Sulus never ex-
ceeded 60,000 in number, yet we learn that, prior to the arrival of
Magellan, their power was felt all over Luzon and the Bisayan Islands,
the Celebes Sea, Palawan, !N^orth Borneo, and the China Sea, and their
trade extended from China and Japan, at the one extreme, to Malacca,
Sumatra, and Java at the other.
Abu Bakr was succeeded by his second son, Kamalud-Din. Alawad-
Din, the elder son, was weak-minded and was evidently not supported
by the ministers of the state. The next three sultans who followed
were Diraja, Upu, and Digunung. Their full names are, the Sultan
Amirul Umara ^ Maharaja Diraja, the Sultan Mu'izzul Mutawadi^in ^ Ma-
haraja Upu, the Sultan Nasirud-Din Awal * Digunung* (or Habud*).
The sixth sultan was Moharamedul Haliiji® Pangiran Buddiman. Dur-
ing his reign Governor Sande equipped and directed large expeditions
to Borneo and Sulu. The armada sent to Sulu was commanded by
Capt. Esteban Rodriguez de Figueroa and reached the town of Jolo in
June, 1578. It is asserted that Rodriguez defeated Pangiran and
exacted tribute from the Sulus. Rodriguez, however, did not occupy
Jolo, and no permanent advantage was derived from his victory.
